Globalization of fashion & the environmental impacts
1960s, ready-to-wear and mass production
The 1960s was a pivotal time for the fashion industry. It was a period of significant change, as ready-to-wear fashion became more popular and the influence of fashion spread globally. Technological advancements in fabric production and garment manufacturing, particularly the use of synthetic fabrics like polyester, made clothing more affordable. This shift also saw the emergence of the youth market as a major force in fashion, driven by the baby boom generation's desire for trendy and affordable styles. Ready-to-wear collections, which offered fashionable, mass-produced clothing, became increasingly sought after, making fashion more accessible and moving away from exclusive, custom-made garments.
At the same time, the globalization of fashion accelerated as cultural influences from around the world began to impact mainstream styles. This was facilitated by the rise of international travel, media, and communication, which allowed fashion trends to quickly spread across borders. The iconic fashion hubs of the 1960s, such as London, Paris, and New York, became interconnected, with designers and brands gaining global recognition. The decade also saw a surge in marketing and advertising through television and magazines, further propelling the reach and impact of fashion on a worldwide scale.
The environmental pollution in the 1960s compared to the present day
During the 1960s, the textile industry had a significant impact on the environment, although it largely went unnoticed at the time. The industry used chemicals such as dyes and bleaches extensively, which led to pollution of water and soil. Discharge of untreated wastewater contaminated rivers, while air emissions contributed to environmental pollution. Natural resources were used without proper consideration, and waste disposal practices were often inadequate. During this time, there was minimal societal awareness and activism regarding environmental issues, and regulations governing industry practices were relatively lenient.
In recent times, there has been a shift towards stricter regulations and the adoption of eco-friendly practices, leading to a reduction in the use of harmful chemicals. Sustainable dyes and digital printing are now more prevalent. Water-efficient technologies and wastewater recycling have also contributed to improved water usage, although consumption rates remain high. The implementation of cleaner energy sources and emission control technologies has helped in reducing air pollution, while sustainability initiatives are aimed at minimizing the industry's carbon footprint. With a focus on recycling, the circular economy, and the use of biodegradable materials, there has been a noticeable reduction in waste generation, further aided by better design and material choices.
In the 1960s, did the textile industry use animal fur or skin, or were alternative materials used instead?
In the 1960s, the textile industry commonly used animal fur and skin for clothing and accessories. However, due to growing concerns about animal welfare, environmental impacts, and the development of synthetic alternatives, there has been a significant shift away from using animal fur and leather in fashion. Many fashion brands now promote cruelty-free alternatives, leading to a decline in the use of animal-derived materials in the textile industry.
Back in ancient times, even during the Neanderthal era, making clothing from animal hides was quite the process. It involved hunting and preparing the skins, shaping and sewing them together, and sometimes adding a little flair. This challenging process was essential for staying comfortable in different environments and weather.
(1st) Neanderthal clothing
(2nd) - Fur fashion show, 1960s
The way the textile industry approaches environmental sustainability has seen a major transformation in recent times. With stricter regulations and heightened awareness, manufacturers are embracing cleaner production processes. Consumers are now placing a high priority on eco-friendly products, compelling companies to explore sustainable materials and practices. Technological advancements have enabled more efficient production methods, and there is a strong emphasis on reducing waste and pollution in water and chemical management.
Furthermore, there is a renewed emphasis on transparency in the supply chain and corporate responsibility within the industry. Brands are increasingly being held accountable for ethical sourcing and production, reflecting a shift in consumer preferences towards sustainability. Environmental activism is gaining momentum, as organizations advocate for change and hold industries responsible for their impact.
Photo: ReMake
The younger generation, especially active on social media, is at the forefront of this movement, demanding transparency and advocating for sustainable lifestyles. In essence, society's response to the environmental impact of the textile industry has evolved from indifference to a powerful demand for sustainability, activism, and accountability. This change mirrors broader societal shifts towards environmental consciousness and responsible consumption.
